Asthma Control – Cardiac Asthma Symptoms and Treatment
Article by Alien Sheng
Cardiac Asthma
Cardiac asthma isn’t asthma in its true sense. It’s wheezing due to congestive heart failure.
Cardiac asthma is a clinical condition caused by severe reflexive blocking and/or by edema of the lungs. It is an asthmatic-type breathing caused by sudden blockage of the pulmonary circulation. The bronchial spasm in cardiac asthma is caused by back pressure from the left side of the heart to the lungs (the left part of the heart has a sudden disproportion between its work load and work capacity).
Cardiac asthma is quite similar to lung asthma. In this, patients with heart failure or heart valves that do not open properly experience shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing.
What causes cardiac asthma?
Cardiac asthma is usually due to a major mechanical fault of the heart and may pose to be life threatening, if not checked at the right time.
In this kind of asthma, the reduced pumping efficacy of the heart leads to a build up of fluid in the lungs. This build up of the fluid causes the air passages to narrow up and eventually cause wheezing and other related symptoms.
Symptoms:
Symptoms usually occur with exercise or at night after going to bed. Excessive fluid in the lungs associated with heart failure causes symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing and wheezing, which imitate asthma.
Both cardiac asthma and pulmonary edema are symptoms of coming heart failure. It is a life-threatening condition and one must seek medical advice immediately on experiencing any symptoms.
Some of the main symptoms are:
* Shortness of breath, not necessarily accompanied by wheezing. * Increased rapid and superficial breathing. * Increased blood pressure and heart beat rate. * A feeling of uneasiness. * Cardiac asthmatic people wake up breathless a few hours after sleeping, and have to sit upright to again properly breathe. This is due to lying down too long. * Swollen ankles which worsen rapidly during the stretch of the day.
Treatment:
The key to effective management of cardiac asthma is right diagnosis, which includes differentiation between patients who wheeze only due to acute heart failure vs those who wheeze from other disorders, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome.